diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index a4fe3af34..e2426b107 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ Remember to align the itemized text with the first line of an item within a list
 * Deprecations
   * {func}`jax.tree_map` is deprecated; use `jax.tree.map` instead, or for backward
     compatibility with older JAX versions, use {func}`jax.tree_util.tree_map`.
+  * The `jax.experimental.maps` module and `jax.experimental.maps.xmap` are
+    deprecated. Use `jax.experimental.shard_map` or `jax.vmap` with the
+    `spmd_axis_name` argument for expressing SPMD device-parallel computations.
   * Passing arguments to {func}`jax.numpy.array_equal` and {func}`jax.numpy.array_equiv`
     that cannot be converted to a JAX array now results in an exception.
 
diff --git a/jax/experimental/maps.py b/jax/experimental/maps.py
index afdd11dbb..6e398df0d 100644
--- a/jax/experimental/maps.py
+++ b/jax/experimental/maps.py
@@ -12,18 +12,40 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.
 
+import warnings
+
+from jax._src import deprecations
 from jax._src.maps import (
   AxisName as AxisName,
   ResourceSet as ResourceSet,
   SerialLoop as SerialLoop,
+  _prepare_axes as _prepare_axes,
   make_xmap_callable as make_xmap_callable,
   serial_loop as serial_loop,
-  xmap as xmap,
   xmap_p as xmap_p,
-  _prepare_axes as _prepare_axes,
+  xmap as xmap,
 )
 from jax._src.mesh import (
   EMPTY_ENV as EMPTY_ENV,
   ResourceEnv as ResourceEnv,
   thread_resources as thread_resources,
 )
+
+# Added March 7, 2024.
+_msg = (
+    "jax.experimental.maps and jax.experimental.maps.xmap are deprecated and"
+    " will be removed in a future release. Use jax.experimental.shard_map or"
+    " jax.vmap with the spmd_axis_name argument for expressing SPMD"
+    " device-parallel computations. Please file an issue on"
+    " https://github.com/google/jax/issues if neither"
+    " jax.experimental.shard_map nor jax.vmap are suitable for your use case."
+)
+
+deprecations.register("jax.experimental.maps", "maps-module")
+
+if deprecations.is_accelerated("jax.experimental.maps", "maps-module"):
+  raise ImportError(_msg)
+else:
+  warnings.warn(_msg, DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+del deprecations, warnings, _msg
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 0a5873d89..fdbcf1555 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ filterwarnings = [
     "ignore:Special cases found for .* but none were parsed.*:UserWarning",
     # end array_api_tests-related warnings
     "ignore:jax.extend.mlir.dialects.mhlo is deprecated.*:DeprecationWarning",
+    "ignore:jax.experimental.maps and .* are deprecated.*:DeprecationWarning",
 ]
 doctest_optionflags = [
     "NUMBER",