mirror of
https://github.com/ROCm/jax.git
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cb4abe754a
Change in preparation for removing XLA translation rules for many primitives. However, even after the MHLO switch we still need to tag collective and initial_style primitives. PiperOrigin-RevId: 441474701
1052 lines
40 KiB
Python
1052 lines
40 KiB
Python
# Copyright 2018 Google LLC
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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# You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#
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# https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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# limitations under the License.
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# Lowering of jaxprs into XLA (HLO) computations.
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from collections import defaultdict, deque
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import collections.abc
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import dataclasses
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import functools
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from functools import partial
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import itertools as it
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import operator
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import re
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from typing import (Any, Callable, Deque, Dict, List, NamedTuple, Optional,
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Sequence, Set, Type, Tuple, Union)
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from typing_extensions import Protocol
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import numpy as np
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from jax.config import config
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from jax import core
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from jax._src import ad_util
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from jax._src import device_array
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from jax._src import dtypes
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from jax import linear_util as lu
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from jax._src import source_info_util
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from jax._src.abstract_arrays import (make_shaped_array, array_types)
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from jax.core import (ConcreteArray, ShapedArray,
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Literal, str_eqn_compact, abstract_token)
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import jax._src.pretty_printer as pp
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from jax._src import util
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from jax._src.util import (prod, extend_name_stack, new_name_stack, wrap_name,
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safe_zip, safe_map, partition_list)
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from jax._src.lib import xla_client as xc
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from jax.interpreters import partial_eval as pe
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from jax.interpreters import ad
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map, unsafe_map = safe_map, map
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zip, unsafe_zip = safe_zip, zip
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xe = xc._xla
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xops = xc._xla.ops
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# Types
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Backend = xe.Client
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Device = xc.Device
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Buffer = xe.Buffer
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XlaOp = xc.XlaOp
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XlaShape = xc.Shape
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XlaBuilder = xc.XlaBuilder
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XlaExecutable = xc.Executable
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# apply_primitive is defined in jax._src.dispatch.
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apply_primitive: Callable
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backend_compile: Callable
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device_put: Callable
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# TODO(phawkins): update code to point to new locations.
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DeviceArray = device_array.DeviceArray
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_DeviceArray = device_array._DeviceArray
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_CppDeviceArray = xe.Buffer
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make_device_array = device_array.make_device_array
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def identity(x): return x
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_scalar_types = dtypes.python_scalar_dtypes.keys()
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# unit representation
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def _make_unit_constant(c): return [
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xops.Constant(c, np.zeros((), dtype=np.dtype('bool')))]
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def _make_unit_shape(_): return (xc.Shape.array_shape(np.dtype('bool'), ()),)
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def _make_array_shape(a: ShapedArray) -> Sequence[XlaShape]:
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if a.dtype is dtypes.float0:
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return (xc.Shape.array_shape(np.dtype('bool'), a.shape),)
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else:
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return (xc.Shape.array_shape(a.dtype, a.shape),)
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def _get_canonical_source_file(frame: source_info_util.Frame):
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source_file = frame.file_name
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if config.jax_hlo_source_file_canonicalization_regex:
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source_file = re.sub(config.jax_hlo_source_file_canonicalization_regex,
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'', source_file)
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return source_file
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tracebacks = {}
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def make_op_metadata(primitive: core.Primitive,
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params: Dict, *,
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source_info: source_info_util.SourceInfo,
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name_stack: Union[str, source_info_util.NameStack] = "",
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) -> xc.OpMetadata:
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if config.jax_experimental_name_stack:
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eqn_str = str(source_info.name_stack) + '/' + str_eqn_compact(primitive.name, params)
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else:
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assert isinstance(name_stack, str)
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eqn_str = name_stack + str_eqn_compact(primitive.name, params)
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tracebacks[eqn_str] = source_info.traceback
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frame = source_info_util.user_frame(source_info)
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return xc.OpMetadata(
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op_type=primitive.name,
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op_name=eqn_str,
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source_file=_get_canonical_source_file(frame) if frame else None,
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source_line=frame.line_num if frame else None)
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# Utilities
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def parameter(builder, num, shape, name=None, replicated=None):
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if name is None:
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name = ''
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if replicated is None:
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replicated = []
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elif isinstance(replicated, bool):
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replicated = [replicated] * shape.leaf_count()
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return xops.Parameter(builder, num,
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shape.with_major_to_minor_layout_if_absent(), name,
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replicated)
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# HLO instructions optionally can be annotated to say how the output should be
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# spatially partitioned (represented in XLA as OpSharding protos, see
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# sharding_to_proto). For array outputs, the annotation is either an int per
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# dimension specifying the number of ways that dimension divided (i.e. the total
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# number of shards is the product), or None to indicate the array should be
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# replicated. Tuple outputs are represented as tuples thereof. XLA supports
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# arbitrary tuple nesting, but JAX only uses one level of tupling (and our type
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# checkers don't support recursive types), so we only represent one level of
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# nesting in this type definition.
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SpatialSharding = Union[Tuple[int, ...],
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None,
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Tuple[Optional[Tuple[int, ...]], ...]]
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def sharding_to_proto(sharding: SpatialSharding):
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"""Converts a SpatialSharding to an OpSharding.
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See
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https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/main/tensorflow/compiler/xla/xla_data.proto#L601
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for details on the OpSharding proto.
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"""
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proto = xc.OpSharding()
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if isinstance(sharding, tuple) and not isinstance(sharding[0], int):
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assert all(s is None or isinstance(s, tuple) for s in sharding)
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return tuple_sharding_proto(list(map(sharding_to_proto, sharding))) # type: ignore
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if sharding is None:
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proto.type = xc.OpSharding.Type.REPLICATED
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else:
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proto.type = xc.OpSharding.Type.OTHER
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proto.tile_assignment_dimensions = list(sharding)
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proto.tile_assignment_devices = list(range(np.product(sharding))) # type: ignore
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return proto
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def tuple_sharding_proto(elems):
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proto = xc.OpSharding()
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assert all(isinstance(e, type(proto)) for e in elems)
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proto.type = xc.OpSharding.Type.TUPLE
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proto.tuple_shardings = elems
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return proto
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def set_sharding_proto(builder, op, sharding_proto, unspecified_dims=None):
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"""Uses CustomCall to annotate a value as sharded."""
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# "Sharding" is a built-in custom call target that acts like an identity
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# function, and is used to attach an OpSharding to.
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def _create_custom_call(x):
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# unspecified_dims indicate dimensions whose shardings are not specified and
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# XLA sharding propagation can change them.
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if unspecified_dims:
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opaque = 'unspecified_dims=[' + ','.join(
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[str(i) for i in unspecified_dims]) + ']'
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opaque = bytes(opaque, 'utf-8')
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return xops.CustomCall(
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builder, b'Sharding', [x], builder.get_shape(x), opaque=opaque)
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else:
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return xops.CustomCall(builder, b'Sharding', [x], builder.get_shape(x))
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return with_sharding_proto(builder, sharding_proto, _create_custom_call, op)
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def with_sharding_proto(builder, sharding_proto, op_fn, *args, **kwargs):
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"""Builds op_fn(*args, **kwargs) with sharding annotation."""
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builder.set_sharding(sharding_proto)
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try:
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return op_fn(*args, **kwargs)
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finally:
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builder.clear_sharding()
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def set_sharding(builder, op, sharding: SpatialSharding, unspecified_dims=None):
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"""Uses CustomCall to annotate a value as sharded."""
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return set_sharding_proto(builder, op, sharding_to_proto(sharding),
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unspecified_dims)
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def with_sharding(builder, sharding: SpatialSharding, op_fn, *args, **kwargs):
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"""Builds op_fn(*args, **kwargs) with sharding annotation."""
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return with_sharding_proto(builder, sharding_to_proto(sharding), op_fn, *args,
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**kwargs)
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### handlers
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# Numpy dtypes -> XLA primitive types
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_dtype_to_primitive_type: Dict[np.dtype, xc.PrimitiveType] = {
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np.dtype('bool'): xc.PrimitiveType.PRED,
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np.dtype('int8'): xc.PrimitiveType.S8,
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np.dtype('int16'): xc.PrimitiveType.S16,
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np.dtype('int32'): xc.PrimitiveType.S32,
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np.dtype('int64'): xc.PrimitiveType.S64,
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np.dtype('uint8'): xc.PrimitiveType.U8,
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np.dtype('uint16'): xc.PrimitiveType.U16,
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np.dtype('uint32'): xc.PrimitiveType.U32,
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np.dtype('uint64'): xc.PrimitiveType.U64,
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np.dtype(dtypes.bfloat16): xc.PrimitiveType.BF16,
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np.dtype('float16'): xc.PrimitiveType.F16,
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np.dtype('float32'): xc.PrimitiveType.F32,
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np.dtype('float64'): xc.PrimitiveType.F64,
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np.dtype('complex64'): xc.PrimitiveType.C64,
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np.dtype('complex128'): xc.PrimitiveType.C128,
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}
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def dtype_to_primitive_type(dtype: np.dtype) -> xc.PrimitiveType:
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"""Converts a NumPy dtype into an XLA PrimitiveType."""
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# Many things (e.g., strings, scalar types) can be compared with NumPy dtypes,
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# but may not hash correctly. Make sure we have a true np.dtype.
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assert isinstance(dtype, np.dtype), type(dtype)
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try:
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return _dtype_to_primitive_type[dtype]
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except KeyError as err:
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raise TypeError(f"No XLA lowering for NumPy dtype: {dtype}") from err
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# JAX abstract values -> XLA shapes
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def aval_to_xla_shapes(aval: core.AbstractValue) -> Sequence[XlaShape]:
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try:
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return xla_shape_handlers[type(aval)](aval)
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except KeyError as err:
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raise TypeError(f"No xla_shape_handler for type: {type(aval)}") from err
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xla_shape_handlers: Dict[Type[core.AbstractValue],
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Callable[[Any], Sequence[XlaShape]]] = {
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core.AbstractUnit: _make_unit_shape,
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ShapedArray: _make_array_shape,
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ConcreteArray: _make_array_shape,
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}
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xla_shape_handlers[core.AbstractToken] = lambda _: (xc.Shape.token_shape(),)
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# IR constants
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_constant_handlers: Dict[type, Callable] = {}
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def pyval_to_ir_constants(builder, py_val, canonicalize_types=True):
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"""Translate a general constant `py_val` to a constant, canonicalizing its dtype.
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Args:
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py_val: a Python value to be translated to a constant.
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Returns:
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A representation of the constant as a list of xla ops.
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"""
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for t in type(py_val).__mro__:
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handler = _constant_handlers.get(t)
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if handler: return handler(builder, py_val, canonicalize_types)
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if hasattr(py_val, '__jax_array__'):
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return pyval_to_ir_constants(builder, py_val.__jax_array__(),
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canonicalize_types)
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raise TypeError("No constant handler for type: {}".format(type(py_val)))
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def pyval_to_ir_constant(builder, py_val, canonicalize_types=True):
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"""Translate constant `py_val` to a constant, canonicalizing its dtype.
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Args:
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py_val: a Python value to be translated to a constant.
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Returns:
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A representation of the constant, either a ComputationDataHandle or None
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"""
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const = pyval_to_ir_constants(builder, py_val, canonicalize_types=canonicalize_types)
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assert len(const) == 1, f"Internal error: cannot create constant from object of type {type(py_val)}"
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return const[0]
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def register_constant_handler(type_, handler_fun):
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_constant_handlers[type_] = handler_fun
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register_constant_handler(core.Unit, lambda c, *_: _make_unit_constant(c))
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# TODO(mattjj,frostig): try to remove this function
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def _normalize_to_xla_dtypes(val):
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"""Normalize dtypes in a value."""
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if hasattr(val, '__array__') or np.isscalar(val):
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return np.asarray(val, dtype=dtypes.canonicalize_dtype(dtypes.result_type(val)))
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elif isinstance(val, (tuple, list)):
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return tuple(_normalize_to_xla_dtypes(x) for x in val)
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raise TypeError('Can\'t convert to XLA: {}'.format(val))
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def _numpy_array_constant(builder, value, canonicalize_types=True):
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if canonicalize_types:
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value = _normalize_to_xla_dtypes(value)
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return [xops.Constant(builder, value)]
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def _ndarray_constant_handler(c, val, canonicalize_types=True):
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"""Constant handler for ndarray literals, handling zero-size strides.
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This function essentially calls _numpy_array_constant(val) except it has
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special handling of arrays with any strides of size zero: for those, it
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generates appropriate calls to NumpyArrayConstant, Broadcast, and Transpose
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to avoid staging in large literals that might arise from np.zeros or np.ones
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or the output of lax.broadcast (which uses np.broadcast_to which in turn
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uses size-zero strides).
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Args:
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c: an XlaBuilder
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val: an ndarray.
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Returns:
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An XLA ComputationDataHandle / XlaOp representing the constant ndarray
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staged into the XLA Computation.
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"""
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# TODO(mattjj): revise this to use xops.BroadcastInDim rather than Transpose
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if dtypes.result_type(val) == dtypes.float0:
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return _numpy_array_constant(c, np.zeros(val.shape, dtype=np.bool_))
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elif np.any(np.equal(0, val.strides)) and val.size > 0:
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zero_stride_axes, = np.where(np.equal(0, val.strides))
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other_axes, = np.where(np.not_equal(0, val.strides))
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collapsed_val = val[tuple(0 if ax in zero_stride_axes else slice(None)
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for ax in range(val.ndim))]
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xla_val = xops.Broadcast(
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_numpy_array_constant(c, collapsed_val, canonicalize_types)[0],
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np.take(val.shape, zero_stride_axes))
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permutation = np.argsort(tuple(zero_stride_axes) + tuple(other_axes))
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return [xops.Transpose(xla_val, permutation)]
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else:
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return _numpy_array_constant(c, val, canonicalize_types)
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register_constant_handler(np.ndarray, _ndarray_constant_handler)
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def _scalar_constant_handler(c, val, canonicalize_types=True):
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return _numpy_array_constant(c, val, canonicalize_types)
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for scalar_type in [np.int8, np.int16, np.int32, np.int64,
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np.uint8, np.uint16, np.uint32, np.uint64,
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np.float16, np.float32, np.float64,
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np.bool_, np.longlong,
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dtypes.bfloat16]:
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register_constant_handler(scalar_type, _scalar_constant_handler)
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# https://github.com/winpython/winpython/issues/613#issuecomment-380121523
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if hasattr(np, "float128"):
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register_constant_handler(np.float128, _scalar_constant_handler)
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def _python_scalar_handler(dtype, c, val, canonicalize_dtypes=True):
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return _numpy_array_constant(c, dtype.type(val))
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for ptype, dtype in dtypes.python_scalar_dtypes.items():
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register_constant_handler(ptype, partial(_python_scalar_handler, dtype))
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def _device_array_constant_handler(c, val, canonicalize_types=True):
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return pyval_to_ir_constants(c, val.device_buffer.to_py())
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for t in device_array.device_array_types:
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register_constant_handler(t, _device_array_constant_handler)
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register_constant_handler(core.Token, lambda c, _, __: [xops.CreateToken(c)])
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# TODO(mattjj): try to remove this canonicalize_dtype stuff
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def canonicalize_dtype(x):
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typ = type(x)
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handler = canonicalize_dtype_handlers.get(typ)
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if handler: return handler(x)
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for typ in typ.__mro__:
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handler = canonicalize_dtype_handlers.get(typ)
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if handler: return handler(x)
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if hasattr(x, '__jax_array__'):
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return canonicalize_dtype(x.__jax_array__())
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raise TypeError(f"No canonicalize_dtype handler for type: {type(x)}")
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def _canonicalize_ndarray_dtype(x):
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return np.asarray(x, dtypes.canonicalize_dtype(dtypes.result_type(x)))
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def _canonicalize_python_scalar_dtype(typ, x):
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return np.asarray(
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x, dtypes.canonicalize_dtype(dtypes._scalar_type_to_dtype(typ, x)))
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canonicalize_dtype_handlers: Dict[Any, Callable] = {core.Unit: identity}
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for t in device_array.device_array_types:
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canonicalize_dtype_handlers[t] = lambda x: x
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canonicalize_dtype_handlers.update(
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(t, _canonicalize_ndarray_dtype) for t in array_types)
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canonicalize_dtype_handlers.update(
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(t, partial(_canonicalize_python_scalar_dtype, t)) for t in _scalar_types)
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canonicalize_dtype_handlers[core.Token] = lambda x: x
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def abstractify(x) -> core.AbstractValue:
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typ = type(x)
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aval_fn = pytype_aval_mappings.get(typ)
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if aval_fn: return aval_fn(x)
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for typ in typ.__mro__:
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aval_fn = pytype_aval_mappings.get(typ)
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if aval_fn: return aval_fn(x)
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if hasattr(x, '__jax_array__'):
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return abstractify(x.__jax_array__())
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raise TypeError(f"Argument '{x}' of type '{type(x)}' is not a valid JAX type")
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def _make_abstract_python_scalar(typ, val):
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return ShapedArray((), dtypes._scalar_type_to_dtype(typ, val), weak_type=True)
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pytype_aval_mappings: Dict[Any, Callable[[Any], core.AbstractValue]] = {
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core.Unit: lambda _: core.abstract_unit,
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}
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for t in device_array.device_array_types:
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pytype_aval_mappings[t] = operator.attrgetter('aval')
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pytype_aval_mappings[core.Token] = lambda _: core.abstract_token
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pytype_aval_mappings.update((t, make_shaped_array) for t in array_types)
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pytype_aval_mappings.update(
|
|
(t, partial(_make_abstract_python_scalar, t)) for t in _scalar_types)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def primitive_subcomputation(platform: str, axis_env: 'AxisEnv',
|
|
prim: core.Primitive,
|
|
*avals: core.AbstractValue, **params):
|
|
c = xc.XlaBuilder(f"primitive_computation_{prim.name}")
|
|
f = lower_fun(prim.bind, multiple_results=prim.multiple_results,
|
|
new_style=True)
|
|
xla_args, _ = _xla_callable_args(c, avals, tuple_args=False,
|
|
filter_tokens=False)
|
|
ctx = TranslationContext(builder=c, platform=platform, axis_env=axis_env,
|
|
name_stack=new_name_stack())
|
|
ans = f(ctx.replace(builder=c), avals, None, *xla_args, **params)
|
|
if prim.multiple_results:
|
|
ans = xops.Tuple(c, ans)
|
|
else:
|
|
ans, = ans
|
|
return c.build(ans)
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Used within _xla_callable_args and _xla_param to distinguish between None (no
|
|
# sharding annotation set) and replicated.
|
|
_replicated_param = object()
|
|
|
|
def _token_param_shape():
|
|
"""Shape used in place of tokens as top-level computation arguments."""
|
|
return xc.Shape.array_shape(np.dtype(np.bool_), [])
|
|
|
|
def _make_token_return_value(c):
|
|
"""Value used in place of tokens as a top-level computation return value."""
|
|
return xops.Constant(c, np.zeros((), dtype=np.dtype(np.bool_)))
|
|
|
|
def _xla_callable_args(
|
|
c, avals, tuple_args, *,
|
|
replicated=None,
|
|
partitions=None,
|
|
partitions_proto: bool = False,
|
|
donated_invars=None,
|
|
filter_tokens=True):
|
|
assert partitions is None or len(partitions) == len(avals)
|
|
if not tuple_args:
|
|
if replicated is None:
|
|
replicated = [None] * len(avals)
|
|
if partitions is None:
|
|
parts: List[object] = [None] * len(avals)
|
|
elif partitions_proto:
|
|
parts = partitions
|
|
else:
|
|
parts = [_replicated_param if part is None else part
|
|
for part in partitions]
|
|
counts = it.count()
|
|
xla_args = [_xla_param(c, next(counts), xla_shape, r, p, partitions_proto,
|
|
filter_tokens)
|
|
for (a, r, p) in safe_zip(avals, replicated, parts)
|
|
for xla_shape in aval_to_xla_shapes(a)]
|
|
if donated_invars is not None:
|
|
donated_invars = [
|
|
d for (a, _, _, d) in zip(avals, replicated, parts, donated_invars)
|
|
for xla_shape in aval_to_xla_shapes(a)]
|
|
return xla_args, donated_invars
|
|
else:
|
|
if replicated is not None:
|
|
replicated = [r for a, r in zip(avals, replicated)
|
|
if a is not abstract_token]
|
|
if partitions is None:
|
|
tuple_parts = None
|
|
elif partitions_proto:
|
|
tuple_parts = tuple_sharding_proto(partitions)
|
|
else:
|
|
tuple_parts = tuple(partitions)
|
|
tuple_shape = xc.Shape.tuple_shape(
|
|
[shape if not (filter_tokens and a is abstract_token)
|
|
else _token_param_shape()
|
|
for a in avals for shape in aval_to_xla_shapes(a)])
|
|
tuple_param = _xla_param(c, 0, tuple_shape, replicated, tuple_parts,
|
|
partitions_proto, filter_tokens)
|
|
xla_args = [v if not (filter_tokens and a is abstract_token)
|
|
else xops.CreateToken(c)
|
|
for a, v in zip(avals, xla_destructure(c, tuple_param))]
|
|
return xla_args, donated_invars
|
|
|
|
def _xla_param(builder, param_num, xla_shape, replicated, partitions,
|
|
parts_proto, filter_tokens):
|
|
is_token = xla_shape.is_token()
|
|
if filter_tokens and is_token:
|
|
xla_shape = _token_param_shape()
|
|
make_param = partial(parameter, builder, param_num, xla_shape,
|
|
replicated=replicated)
|
|
with_sharding_fn = with_sharding_proto if parts_proto else with_sharding
|
|
if partitions is None:
|
|
out = make_param()
|
|
elif partitions is _replicated_param:
|
|
out = with_sharding_fn(builder, None, make_param)
|
|
else:
|
|
out = with_sharding_fn(builder, partitions, make_param)
|
|
if filter_tokens and is_token:
|
|
out = xops.CreateToken(builder)
|
|
return out
|
|
|
|
|
|
### compiling jaxprs
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _flatmap(func: Callable, vars: Sequence):
|
|
return list(it.chain.from_iterable(map(func, vars)))
|
|
|
|
def _partitionmap(func: Callable, vars: Sequence, nodes: Sequence):
|
|
return map(func, vars,
|
|
util.unflatten(nodes,
|
|
[len(aval_to_xla_shapes(v.aval)) for v in vars]))
|
|
|
|
class AxisEnv(NamedTuple):
|
|
"""Represents a pmap mesh (only along the replica axes)."""
|
|
nreps: int
|
|
names: Tuple[Any, ...]
|
|
sizes: Tuple[int, ...]
|
|
|
|
@dataclasses.dataclass
|
|
class TranslationContext:
|
|
builder: xc.XlaBuilder
|
|
# TODO(phawkins): make platform non-optional. We should always be translating
|
|
# with a specific platform in mind.
|
|
platform: Optional[str]
|
|
axis_env: AxisEnv
|
|
name_stack: Union[str, source_info_util.NameStack]
|
|
|
|
def replace(self, **kw): return dataclasses.replace(self, **kw)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def jaxpr_subcomp(ctx: TranslationContext, jaxpr: core.Jaxpr,
|
|
consts: Sequence[XlaOp], *args: XlaOp) -> Sequence[XlaOp]:
|
|
assert ctx.platform is not None
|
|
def read(v):
|
|
if type(v) is Literal:
|
|
return pyval_to_ir_constants(ctx.builder, canonicalize_dtype(v.val))
|
|
else:
|
|
return env[v]
|
|
|
|
def aval(v):
|
|
if type(v) is Literal:
|
|
return abstractify(v.val)
|
|
else:
|
|
return v.aval
|
|
|
|
def write(v, node):
|
|
assert node is not None
|
|
env[v] = node
|
|
|
|
env: Dict[core.Var, Sequence[XlaOp]] = {}
|
|
_partitionmap(write, [core.unitvar],
|
|
pyval_to_ir_constants(ctx.builder, core.unit))
|
|
_partitionmap(write, jaxpr.constvars, consts)
|
|
_partitionmap(write, jaxpr.invars, args)
|
|
for eqn in jaxpr.eqns:
|
|
if config.jax_experimental_name_stack:
|
|
assert isinstance(ctx.name_stack, source_info_util.NameStack), type(ctx.name_stack)
|
|
source_info = eqn.source_info.replace(
|
|
name_stack=ctx.name_stack + eqn.source_info.name_stack)
|
|
else:
|
|
source_info = eqn.source_info
|
|
op_metadata = make_op_metadata(
|
|
eqn.primitive, eqn.params, name_stack=ctx.name_stack,
|
|
source_info=source_info)
|
|
ctx.builder.set_op_metadata(op_metadata)
|
|
in_nodes = _flatmap(read, eqn.invars)
|
|
if (ctx.platform is not None and
|
|
eqn.primitive in _backend_specific_translations[ctx.platform]):
|
|
rule = _backend_specific_translations[ctx.platform][eqn.primitive]
|
|
elif eqn.primitive in _translations:
|
|
rule = _translations[eqn.primitive]
|
|
else:
|
|
raise NotImplementedError(
|
|
f"XLA translation rule for primitive '{eqn.primitive.name}' not found")
|
|
|
|
with source_info_util.user_context(eqn.source_info.traceback):
|
|
eqn_ctx = (ctx.replace(name_stack=source_info.name_stack) if
|
|
config.jax_experimental_name_stack else ctx)
|
|
ans = rule(eqn_ctx, map(aval, eqn.invars), map(aval, eqn.outvars),
|
|
*in_nodes, **eqn.params)
|
|
|
|
assert isinstance(ans, collections.abc.Sequence), (ans, eqn)
|
|
assert all(isinstance(x, xe.XlaOp) for x in ans), (ans, eqn)
|
|
map(ctx.builder.get_shape, ans) # force xla to do shape error checking
|
|
ctx.builder.clear_op_metadata()
|
|
_partitionmap(write, eqn.outvars, ans)
|
|
return _flatmap(read, jaxpr.outvars)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def xla_destructure(c, ans):
|
|
num_elements = len(c.get_shape(ans).tuple_shapes())
|
|
return [xops.GetTupleElement(ans, i) for i in range(num_elements)]
|
|
|
|
def check_backend_matches(inner_backend, outer_backend):
|
|
# For nested calls, the outermost call sets the backend for all inner calls;
|
|
# it's an error if the inner call has a conflicting explicit backend spec.
|
|
if inner_backend and inner_backend != outer_backend:
|
|
raise ValueError(
|
|
f"Outer-jit backend specification {outer_backend} must match explicit "
|
|
f"inner-jit backend specification {inner_backend}.")
|
|
|
|
|
|
def extend_axis_env(env: AxisEnv, name, size: int):
|
|
return AxisEnv(env.nreps, env.names + (name,), env.sizes + (size,))
|
|
|
|
def axis_read(axis_env, axis_name):
|
|
try:
|
|
return max(i for i, name in enumerate(axis_env.names) if name == axis_name)
|
|
except ValueError:
|
|
raise NameError("unbound axis name: {}".format(axis_name)) from None
|
|
|
|
def axis_groups(axis_env: AxisEnv, name) -> Tuple[Tuple[int, ...]]:
|
|
if not isinstance(name, (list, tuple)):
|
|
name = (name,)
|
|
mesh_axes = tuple(unsafe_map(partial(axis_read, axis_env), name))
|
|
trailing_size, ragged = divmod(axis_env.nreps, prod(axis_env.sizes))
|
|
assert not ragged
|
|
mesh_spec = axis_env.sizes + (trailing_size,)
|
|
return _axis_groups(mesh_spec, mesh_axes)
|
|
|
|
def _axis_groups(mesh_spec, mesh_axes):
|
|
"""Computes replica group ids for a collective performed over a subset of the mesh.
|
|
|
|
Args:
|
|
mesh_spec: A sequence of integers representing the mesh shape.
|
|
mesh_axes: A sequence of integers between 0 and `len(mesh_spec)` (exclusive)
|
|
indicating over which axes the collective is performed.
|
|
Returns:
|
|
A tuple of replica groups (i.e. tuples containing replica ids).
|
|
"""
|
|
iota = np.arange(prod(mesh_spec)).reshape(mesh_spec)
|
|
groups = np.reshape(
|
|
np.moveaxis(iota, mesh_axes, np.arange(len(mesh_axes))),
|
|
(prod(np.take(mesh_spec, mesh_axes)), -1))
|
|
return tuple(unsafe_map(tuple, groups.T))
|
|
|
|
|
|
# TODO(mattjj,skyewm): the functions here are utilities for checking if
|
|
# not-yet-supported features are used with multi-host programming
|
|
|
|
|
|
def jaxpr_collectives(jaxpr):
|
|
"""Generates all the collective primitives anywhere inside a Jaxpr."""
|
|
for eqn in jaxpr.eqns:
|
|
if eqn.primitive in _collective_primitives:
|
|
yield eqn.primitive
|
|
for subjaxpr in core.subjaxprs(jaxpr): yield from jaxpr_collectives(subjaxpr)
|
|
|
|
|
|
### xla_call underlying jit
|
|
|
|
|
|
def flatten_shape(s: XlaShape) -> Sequence[Tuple[Sequence[int], XlaShape]]:
|
|
"""Expands a given shape tree into a flat list of indices to arrays.
|
|
|
|
Given the following computation:
|
|
|
|
>>> c = xc.XlaBuilder("example")
|
|
>>> p0 = parameter(c, 1, xc.shape_from_pyval(jnp.ones([1])))
|
|
>>> p1 = parameter(c, 2, xc.shape_from_pyval(jnp.ones([2])))
|
|
>>> p2 = parameter(c, 3, xc.shape_from_pyval(jnp.ones([3])))
|
|
>>> o = xops.Tuple(c, [p0, p1, p2])
|
|
|
|
We can query the arrays in the output tuple:
|
|
|
|
>>> flatten_shape(c.GetShape(o))
|
|
[((0,), f32[1]{0}), ((1,), f32[2]{0}), ((2,), f32[3]{0})]
|
|
|
|
Or the arrays in one of the parameters (which is itself an array):
|
|
|
|
>>> flatten_shape(c.GetShape(p0))
|
|
[((), f32[1]{0})]
|
|
|
|
Args
|
|
s: The input shape.
|
|
|
|
Returns:
|
|
An iterable of pairs of indices and shapes for each array within the shape
|
|
tree.
|
|
"""
|
|
results: List[Tuple[Tuple[int, ...], XlaShape]] = []
|
|
_flatten_shape(s, (), results)
|
|
return results
|
|
|
|
def _flatten_shape(s: XlaShape, index: Tuple[int, ...],
|
|
results: List[Tuple[Tuple[int, ...], XlaShape]]) -> None:
|
|
if s.is_array() or s.is_token():
|
|
results.append((index, s))
|
|
else:
|
|
assert s.is_tuple()
|
|
for i, sub in enumerate(s.tuple_shapes()):
|
|
_flatten_shape(sub, index + (i,), results)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _xla_consts(c, consts):
|
|
unique_consts = {id(const): const for const in consts}
|
|
xla_consts = {
|
|
id_: pyval_to_ir_constants(c, const) for id_, const in unique_consts.items()}
|
|
return [c for const in consts for c in xla_consts[id(const)]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def set_up_aliases(c, xla_args, out_shape: XlaShape, donated_args, tuple_args):
|
|
"""Configures input/output "must" aliasing based on `donated_args`."""
|
|
# First for every input array add it to `donations` iff it is a member of
|
|
# `donated_args`.
|
|
donations: Dict[Tuple[Tuple[int, ...], Any], Deque]
|
|
donations = defaultdict(deque)
|
|
for arg_index, arg in enumerate(xla_args):
|
|
if donated_args[arg_index]:
|
|
for param_index, element in flatten_shape(c.GetShape(arg)):
|
|
key = (element.dimensions(), element.xla_element_type())
|
|
if tuple_args:
|
|
param_number = 0
|
|
param_index = (arg_index,) + tuple(param_index)
|
|
donations[key].append((param_number, param_index, arg_index))
|
|
else:
|
|
param_number = arg_index
|
|
donations[key].append((param_number, param_index, arg_index))
|
|
|
|
# Consume donations for outputs.
|
|
out_donated_args = list(donated_args)
|
|
for output_index, element in flatten_shape(out_shape):
|
|
key = (element.dimensions(), element.xla_element_type())
|
|
if donations.get(key, ()):
|
|
param_number, param_index, arg_index = donations[key].popleft()
|
|
out_donated_args[arg_index] = False
|
|
c.setup_alias(output_index, param_number, param_index)
|
|
|
|
return tuple(out_donated_args)
|
|
|
|
|
|
xla_call_p: core.CallPrimitive = core.CallPrimitive('xla_call')
|
|
xla_call = xla_call_p.bind
|
|
|
|
def _xla_call_partial_eval_update_params(params, kept_inputs, num_new_inputs):
|
|
donated_invars = params['donated_invars']
|
|
if not kept_inputs and donated_invars:
|
|
# JaxprTrace.post_process_call creates a call with no input tracers
|
|
donated_invars = (False,) * num_new_inputs
|
|
else:
|
|
assert len(kept_inputs) == len(donated_invars)
|
|
# JaxprTrace.process_call drops known input tracers
|
|
donated_invars = [d for d, kept in zip(donated_invars, kept_inputs) if kept]
|
|
# Any new inputs are prepended to the left, so mark those as not donated.
|
|
donated_invars = [False] * num_new_inputs + donated_invars
|
|
return dict(params, donated_invars=tuple(donated_invars))
|
|
pe.call_param_updaters[xla_call_p] = _xla_call_partial_eval_update_params
|
|
|
|
def _xla_call_jvp_update_params(params, nz_tangents):
|
|
donated_invars = params['donated_invars']
|
|
donated_tangents = [d for d, nz in zip(donated_invars, nz_tangents) if nz]
|
|
new_donated_invars = (*donated_invars, *donated_tangents)
|
|
return dict(params, donated_invars=new_donated_invars)
|
|
ad.call_param_updaters[xla_call_p] = _xla_call_jvp_update_params
|
|
|
|
def _xla_call_transpose_update_params(params, undef_primals, nonzero_cts):
|
|
donated_invars = params['donated_invars']
|
|
donated_primals = [d for d, u in zip(donated_invars, undef_primals) if not u]
|
|
donated_cotangents = [False for nz in nonzero_cts if nz]
|
|
return dict(params, donated_invars=(*donated_primals, *donated_cotangents))
|
|
ad.call_transpose_param_updaters[xla_call_p] = _xla_call_transpose_update_params
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _xla_call_translation_rule(ctx, avals_in, avals_out, *in_nodes, name,
|
|
backend=None, call_jaxpr, donated_invars,
|
|
inline=None, device=None):
|
|
del device, donated_invars, inline # Ignored.
|
|
c = ctx.builder
|
|
check_backend_matches(backend, ctx.platform)
|
|
subc = xc.XlaBuilder(f"jit_{name}")
|
|
args = [parameter(subc, i, c.get_shape(n)) for i, n in enumerate(in_nodes)]
|
|
sub_ctx = ctx.replace(
|
|
builder=subc,
|
|
name_stack=extend_name_stack(ctx.name_stack, wrap_name(name, 'jit')))
|
|
out_nodes = jaxpr_subcomp(sub_ctx, call_jaxpr, (), *args)
|
|
|
|
if len(out_nodes) == 1:
|
|
subc = subc.Build(out_nodes[0])
|
|
return [xops.Call(c, subc, list(in_nodes))]
|
|
else:
|
|
subc = subc.Build(xops.Tuple(subc, out_nodes))
|
|
return xla_destructure(c, xops.Call(c, subc, list(in_nodes)))
|
|
ad.primitive_transposes[xla_call_p] = partial(ad.call_transpose, xla_call_p)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _xla_call_partial_eval_custom_params_updater(
|
|
unks_in: Sequence[bool],
|
|
kept_outs_known: Sequence[bool], kept_outs_staged: Sequence[bool],
|
|
num_res: int, params_known: dict, params_staged: dict
|
|
) -> Tuple[dict, dict]:
|
|
# pruned inputs to jaxpr_known according to unks_in, so prune donated_invars
|
|
donated_invars_known, _ = partition_list(unks_in, params_known['donated_invars'])
|
|
new_params_known = dict(params_known, donated_invars=tuple(donated_invars_known))
|
|
# added num_res new inputs to jaxpr_staged, so extend donated_invars
|
|
donated_invars_staged = [*([False] * num_res), *params_staged['donated_invars']]
|
|
new_params_staged = dict(params_staged, donated_invars=tuple(donated_invars_staged))
|
|
return new_params_known, new_params_staged
|
|
pe.partial_eval_jaxpr_custom_rules[xla_call_p] = \
|
|
partial(pe.call_partial_eval_custom_rule, 'call_jaxpr',
|
|
_xla_call_partial_eval_custom_params_updater)
|
|
pe.dce_rules[xla_call_p] = pe.dce_jaxpr_call_rule
|
|
|
|
pe.padding_rules[xla_call_p] = partial(pe.call_padding_rule, xla_call_p)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _pp_xla_call(eqn: core.JaxprEqn, context: core.JaxprPpContext,
|
|
settings: core.JaxprPpSettings,
|
|
) -> List[pp.Doc]:
|
|
printed_params = {k:v for k, v in eqn.params.items() if
|
|
k == 'call_jaxpr' or k == 'name' or
|
|
k == 'backend' and v is not None or
|
|
k == 'device' and v is not None or
|
|
k == 'donated_invars' and any(v)}
|
|
return [pp.text(eqn.primitive.name),
|
|
core.pp_kv_pairs(sorted(printed_params.items()), context, settings),
|
|
pp.text(" ") + core.pp_vars(eqn.invars, context)]
|
|
core.pp_eqn_rules[xla_call_p] = _pp_xla_call
|
|
|
|
|
|
### translation tables
|
|
|
|
MYPY = False
|
|
if not MYPY:
|
|
class TranslationRule(Protocol):
|
|
def __call__(self, ctx: TranslationContext,
|
|
avals_in: Sequence[core.AbstractValue],
|
|
avals_out: Sequence[core.AbstractValue],
|
|
*args: XlaOp, **kw
|
|
) -> Sequence[XlaOp]:
|
|
"""A translation rule lowers a primitive invocation into an XLA HLO."""
|
|
else:
|
|
TranslationRule = Any
|
|
|
|
_translations: Dict[core.Primitive, TranslationRule] = {}
|
|
_backend_specific_translations: Dict[str, Dict[core.Primitive, TranslationRule]]
|
|
_backend_specific_translations = defaultdict(dict)
|
|
|
|
_collective_primitives: Set[core.Primitive] = set()
|
|
_initial_style_primitives: Set[core.Primitive] = set()
|
|
|
|
def register_initial_style_primitive(prim: core.Primitive):
|
|
_initial_style_primitives.add(prim)
|
|
|
|
def register_collective_primitive(prim: core.Primitive):
|
|
_collective_primitives.add(prim)
|
|
|
|
def register_translation(prim: core.Primitive, rule: TranslationRule, *,
|
|
platform: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
|
|
ts = (_translations if platform is None
|
|
else _backend_specific_translations[platform])
|
|
ts[prim] = rule
|
|
|
|
# As a temporary backward compatibility measure, we use an adapter class to
|
|
# convert from the old styles of translation rules to the newer ones.
|
|
# TODO(phawkins): update users of the older translation rule styles and remove
|
|
# the adapters.
|
|
class _TranslationRuleAdapter:
|
|
def __init__(self, translations,
|
|
wrap_fn: Callable[[core.Primitive, Callable], TranslationRule]):
|
|
self._translations = translations
|
|
self._wrap_fn = wrap_fn
|
|
|
|
def __setitem__(self, key: core.Primitive, value: Callable):
|
|
self._translations[key] = self._wrap_fn(key, value)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _wrap_old_translation(prim: core.Primitive, f: Callable) -> TranslationRule:
|
|
@functools.wraps(f)
|
|
def wrapped(ctx: TranslationContext, avals_in: Sequence[core.AbstractValue],
|
|
avals_out: Sequence[core.AbstractValue],
|
|
*args: XlaOp, **kw) -> Sequence[XlaOp]:
|
|
ans = f(ctx.builder, *args, **kw)
|
|
if (prim.multiple_results or
|
|
any(len(aval_to_xla_shapes(aval)) > 1 for aval in avals_out)):
|
|
return xla_destructure(ctx.builder, ans)
|
|
else:
|
|
return [ans]
|
|
return wrapped
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _wrap_old_call_translation(prim: core.Primitive,
|
|
f: Callable) -> TranslationRule:
|
|
@functools.wraps(f)
|
|
def wrapped(ctx: TranslationContext, avals_in: Sequence[core.AbstractValue],
|
|
avals_out: Sequence[core.AbstractValue],
|
|
*args: XlaOp, **kw) -> Sequence[XlaOp]:
|
|
platform = kw.pop("backend", None)
|
|
check_backend_matches(platform, ctx.platform)
|
|
ans = f(ctx.builder, ctx.axis_env, args, ctx.name_stack,
|
|
backend=ctx.platform, **kw)
|
|
if (prim.multiple_results or
|
|
any(len(aval_to_xla_shapes(aval)) > 1 for aval in avals_out)):
|
|
return xla_destructure(ctx.builder, ans)
|
|
else:
|
|
return [ans]
|
|
return wrapped
|
|
|
|
translations : _TranslationRuleAdapter
|
|
translations = _TranslationRuleAdapter(_translations, _wrap_old_translation)
|
|
|
|
class _BackendSpecificTranslationsAdapter(defaultdict):
|
|
def __missing__(self, key):
|
|
ret = self[key] = _TranslationRuleAdapter(
|
|
_backend_specific_translations[key], _wrap_old_translation)
|
|
return ret
|
|
|
|
backend_specific_translations: Dict[str, _TranslationRuleAdapter]
|
|
backend_specific_translations = _BackendSpecificTranslationsAdapter()
|
|
call_translations : _TranslationRuleAdapter
|
|
call_translations = _TranslationRuleAdapter(
|
|
_translations, _wrap_old_call_translation)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
register_translation(xla_call_p, _xla_call_translation_rule)
|
|
|
|
def zeros_like_translation_rule(c, x):
|
|
shape = c.get_shape(x)
|
|
assert not shape.is_tuple()
|
|
zero = xops.Constant(c, np.array(0, shape.element_type()))
|
|
return xops.Broadcast(zero, shape.dimensions())
|
|
translations[ad_util.zeros_like_p] = zeros_like_translation_rule
|
|
|
|
def add_jaxvals_translation_rule(c, x, y):
|
|
shape = c.get_shape(x)
|
|
assert not shape.is_tuple()
|
|
return xops.Add(x, y)
|
|
translations[ad_util.add_jaxvals_p] = add_jaxvals_translation_rule
|
|
|
|
translations[ad_util.stop_gradient_p] = lambda c, x: x
|
|
|
|
|
|
@lu.transformation
|
|
def _tuple_output(*args, **kwargs):
|
|
ans = yield args, kwargs
|
|
yield (ans,)
|
|
|
|
def lower_fun(fun: Callable, *, multiple_results: bool, backend=None,
|
|
new_style: bool = False) -> Callable:
|
|
if new_style:
|
|
def f_new(ctx: TranslationContext, avals_in: Sequence[core.AbstractValue],
|
|
avals_out: Optional[Sequence[core.AbstractValue]],
|
|
*xla_args: xc.XlaOp,
|
|
**params) -> Sequence[xc.XlaOp]:
|
|
wrapped_fun = lu.wrap_init(fun, params)
|
|
if not multiple_results:
|
|
wrapped_fun = _tuple_output(wrapped_fun)
|
|
with core.extend_axis_env_nd(zip(ctx.axis_env.names, ctx.axis_env.sizes)):
|
|
jaxpr, _, consts = pe.trace_to_jaxpr_dynamic(wrapped_fun, avals_in)
|
|
return jaxpr_subcomp(ctx, jaxpr, _xla_consts(ctx.builder, consts),
|
|
*xla_args)
|
|
return f_new
|
|
|
|
# TODO(phawkins): migrate dependent code & always use new_style=True.
|
|
|
|
if backend is None:
|
|
# The user didn't specify a backend. This isn't possible with the new style
|
|
# API.
|
|
backend = "backend_not_specified"
|
|
|
|
def f(c, *xla_args, **params):
|
|
avals = [_array_aval_from_xla_shape(c.get_shape(x)) for x in xla_args]
|
|
return f_with_avals(c, avals, xla_args, params)
|
|
|
|
def f_with_avals(c, avals, xla_args, params):
|
|
# parallelism is only supported via the new-style API.
|
|
axis_env = AxisEnv(1, (), ())
|
|
wrapped_fun = lu.wrap_init(fun, params)
|
|
if not multiple_results:
|
|
wrapped_fun = _tuple_output(wrapped_fun)
|
|
with core.extend_axis_env_nd(zip(axis_env.names, axis_env.sizes)):
|
|
jaxpr, _, consts = pe.trace_to_jaxpr_dynamic(wrapped_fun, avals)
|
|
ctx = TranslationContext(c, backend, axis_env, new_name_stack())
|
|
outs = jaxpr_subcomp(ctx, jaxpr, _xla_consts(c, consts), *xla_args)
|
|
if (multiple_results or
|
|
any(len(aval_to_xla_shapes(v.aval)) > 1 for v in jaxpr.outvars)):
|
|
return xops.Tuple(c, outs)
|
|
else:
|
|
assert len(outs) == 1, outs
|
|
return outs[0]
|
|
|
|
return f
|
|
|
|
def _array_aval_from_xla_shape(xla_shape):
|
|
# This function instantiates the assumption that we can map fro XLA array
|
|
# types to JAX array types.
|
|
# TODO(mattjj): remove assumption can map XLA array types to JAX array types
|
|
assert not xla_shape.is_tuple()
|
|
return ShapedArray(xla_shape.dimensions(), xla_shape.numpy_dtype())
|
|
|
|
|
|
ad.primitive_transposes[core.named_call_p] = partial(ad.call_transpose,
|
|
core.named_call_p)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _named_call_translation_rule(ctx, avals_in, avals_out, *in_nodes,
|
|
name="core_call", backend=None, call_jaxpr):
|
|
check_backend_matches(backend, ctx.platform)
|
|
c = ctx.builder
|
|
subc = xc.XlaBuilder(name)
|
|
args = [parameter(subc, i, c.GetShape(n)) for i, n in enumerate(in_nodes)]
|
|
sub_ctx = ctx.replace(builder=subc,
|
|
name_stack=extend_name_stack(ctx.name_stack, name))
|
|
out_nodes = jaxpr_subcomp(sub_ctx, call_jaxpr, (), *args)
|
|
if len(out_nodes) == 1:
|
|
subc = subc.Build(out_nodes[0])
|
|
return [xops.Call(c, subc, list(in_nodes))]
|
|
else:
|
|
subc = subc.Build(xops.Tuple(subc, out_nodes))
|
|
return xla_destructure(c, xops.Call(c, subc, list(in_nodes)))
|
|
register_translation(core.named_call_p, _named_call_translation_rule)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _call_translation_rule(ctx, avals_in, avals_out, *in_nodes, backend=None,
|
|
call_jaxpr):
|
|
return _named_call_translation_rule(
|
|
ctx, avals_in, avals_out, *in_nodes, name="core_call", backend=backend,
|
|
call_jaxpr=call_jaxpr)
|
|
register_translation(core.call_p, _call_translation_rule)
|